Santiago Abascal, the Vox leader, told ABC in his first interview since the general election was called that Spaniards should fear the worst and that the vote will be "very complicated and dirty."

Asked whether he was worried the right could again fall short, Abascal replied: "Of course. If it didn't worry me I would be irresponsible. We cannot forget what happened in 2023." He said he is determined not to repeat the errors of that year or to treat victory as assured.

He warned that the continuation of Pedro Sánchez in power would be "criminal" for Spain's interests, and accused the president of having tried to "steal" the elections with the so-called ley de nietos.

Abascal defended a remigration process aimed, among other things, at easing congestion in the housing market, and described the recovery of Ceuta as the most urgent matter.